The mountainous topography and the harsh wintry climate proved to be significant factors as they conspired to confine the artisans to their homes of long periods, which could be devoted to their art.

The variety and excellence of this art in Armenia are exemplified by discoveries made in archeological excavations, as well as by literary and historical sources, which contain abundant references to gold and silver and precious stones in royal gifts, clothing and various artifacts, religious and secular. Writings allude to churches whose domes glittered with gold, the doors encrusted with silver, and to articles made of precious metals, ranging from a king's crown to a horse’s adornments.

Significant artifacts have survived from the 13th century, during which chiseling technique and creativity in Cilicia and Armenia reached their peak. But there are barren periods from which little remains, either because little was actually done or because political instability or military aggression destroyed whatever was created.

Bindings of gold and silver encrusted with filigree work dating from the 17th century influenced the work of 19th century artisans. The museum of Erevan has remarkable belts, diadems, armlets and bracelets dating from the 18th and 19th centuries. During that period the art flourished as well in communities outside Armenia, probably given impetus by emigrants form the mother country who took with them the tools, forms, designs and traditions of the art.

The art has been affected in modern times by commerce and the influences of mass production. Areas remain, however, in which the national traditions have been sustained. The art of the Armenian silversmith and goldsmith has its special self-controlled style. There are no elaborate patterns; its composition is rather balanced and measured. The smiths use mainly two tools: the Hammer and the tweezers.

There have been reciprocal influences with neighboring cultures, particularly in ancient times, and even during the Crusades. But study shows that the Armenian art has given more than it has received.

Thanks to Bob Takvorian, MA for the contribution of this article.

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